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ABACISCUS
In architecture, an abaciscus is a tile or square
of a tessellated pavement.
Abaciscus
ABACULUS
In architecture, an abaculus is a small tile of
glass, marble, or other substance, of various
colours, used in making ornamental patterns in
mosaic pavements.
Abaculus
ABACUS
In architecture the term abacus is refers to the
uppermost member or division of the capital of a
column, immediately under the architrave. The term
is also used to describe a tablet, panel, or
compartment in ornamented or mosaic work.
Abacus
ABREUVOIR
An abreuvoir is a joint or interstice between
stones, to be filled with mortar.
Abreuvoir
ABUTMENT
In architecture the term abutment refers to the
solid part of a pier or wall, etc., which receives
the thrust or lateral pressure of an arch, vault,
or strut.
Abutment
ACANTHUS
In architecture an acanthus is an ornament
resembling the foliage or leaves of the acanthus
plant. They were used in the capitals of the
Corinthian and Composite orders.
Acanthus
ACOUSTIC BOARD
Acoustic board is perforated, sound-proof board
used on walls and ceilings, notably in courts, to
provide sound insulation.
Acoustic Board
ACROLITH
In architecture an acrolith is a statue whose
extremities are made of stone, and the trunk
generally made of wood.
Acrolith
ACROPOLIS
The acropolis was the citadel of ancient Greek
cities. The Athenian citadel was destroyed by the
invading Persians in 480 BC, but Pericles
instituted a rebuilding programme. The Parthenon,
built between 447 and 432 BC, was a Doric temple
containing a gold and ivory statue of Athena. This
was followed by the gateway or Propylaea, the
temple of Athena Nike (commemorating victory over
the Persians), and the Erectheum, which housed the
shrines of various cults. Many of the sculptures
on the Parthenon were removed by Lord Elgin
between 1801 and 1803 and purchased by the British
government in 1816. The right to their possession
is disputed between Britain and Greece.
Acropolis
ACROTERIUM
In architecture an acroterium (or acroterion) is a
small pedestal, used for statues or other
ornaments, and placed on the apex and at the basal
angles of a pediment. Acroteria are also sometimes
placed upon the gables in Gothic architecture.
Acroterium
ADOBE
An adobe is a Mexican house made of clay bricks.
Adobe
ADYTUM
The adytum was the innermost, and most sacred room,
of a Greek temple into which only priests were
allowed to enter.
Adytum
AEDICULE
An aedicule is a small, temple-like structure
comprised of columns supporting a pedimented
structure over a niche or window and usually used
to shelter a shrine.
Aedicule
AEGICRANIA
In architecture, aegicrania are sculptured
ornaments, generally used in classical
architecture, representing rams' heads or skulls.
Aegicrania
AIR BRICK
An air brick is a perforated brick used to provide
ventilation.
Air Brick
AISLE
In architecture, an aisle is a lateral division of
a building, separated from the middle part, called
the nave, by a row of columns or piers, which
support the roof or an upper wall containing
windows, called the clerestory wall.
Aisle
ALBERT MEMORIAL
The Albert Memorial is a memorial in Hyde Park,
London. It was erected in memory of Prince Albert.
It is an Eleanor cross, 45 meters high,
embellished with statues and designed by Sir
George Gilbert Scott. It was completed in 1872 and
contains a gilt statue of Prince Albert by Foley.
It was unveiled on March the 9th 1876.
Albert Memorial
ALCOVE
In architecture, an alcove is a recessed portion
of a room, or a small room opening into a larger
one. The term is especially used to describe a
recess to contain a bed.
Alcove
ALMOUROL
Almourolis a former Knights Templar's castle on an
island in the Tagus River, Portugal.
Almourol
ALTAR-TOMB
An altar-tomb is a raised monument resembling an
altar.
Altar-Tomb
ALTO-RILIEVO
Alto-rilievo is an architectural term for a
sculptured work in which the figures project more
than half their true proportions.
Alto-Rilievo
AMBO
In the early Christian and mediaeval Church, an
ambo was a reading desk or pulpit from which the
lessons were read or the sermon preached.
Sometimes there were two ambones, one for reading
the Gospel and the other for reading the epistle,
but in most cases one sufficed.
Ambo
AMBULATORY
In architecture, an ambulatory is any part of a
building intended for walking around a central
space or shrine, such as the aisles of a cathedral
or church. The term is used for the lateral or
flanking porticos of an ancient Greek temple, and
for the cloister of a monastery.
Ambulatory
AMPHIPROSTYLE
In architecture the term amphiprostyle describes
structures that are doubly prostyle, having
columns at each end, but not at the sides.
Amphiprostyle
ANGLE BEAD
In architecture an angle bead is a bead worked on
or fixed to the angle of any architectural work,
usually for protecting an angle of a wall.
Angle Bead
ANGLE LEAF
In architecture, an angle leaf is a detail in the
form of a leaf, more or less conventionalised,
used to decorate and sometimes to strengthen an
angle.
Angle Leaf
ANGLE SHAFT
In architecture an angle shaft is an enriched
angle bead, often having a capital or base, or
both.
Angle Shaft
ANNULET
In architecture an annulet is a small, flat fillet,
encircling a column, etc., used by itself, or with
other mouldings. It is used, several times
repeated, under the Doric capital.
Annulet
ANTA
In architecture an anta is a species of pier
produced by the thickening of a wall at its
termination, treated architecturally as a pilaster,
with capital and base. Porches, when columns stand
between two antae are called in Latin in antis.
Anta
ANTECHOIR
In architecture, an antechoir is a space enclosed
or reserved at the entrance to the choir, for the
clergy and choristers. The term is also used to
describe the place where a choir is divided, as in
some Spanish churches, that division of it which
is the farther from the sanctuary.
Antechoir
ANTEPAGMENT
In architecture, antepagment is the name given to
the ornamental architrave of a doorway.
Antepagment
APOPHYGE
In architecture an apophyge or scape is a small
hollow curvature given to the top or bottom of the
shaft of a column where it expands to meet the
edge of the fillet.
Apophyge
APOTHESIS
In architecture an apothesis is a place on the
south side of the chancel in the primitive
churches, furnished with shelves, for books,
vestments, etc. The term also describes a dressing
room connected with a public bath.
Apothesis
APRON-PIECE
In architecture, an apron-piece is a small piece
of timber projecting from a wall to support the
ends of the joists underlying the landing place in
a staircase.
Apron-Piece
APSE
In architecture an apse is a projecting part of a
building, especially of a church, having in the
plan a polygonal or semicircular termination, and,
most often, projecting from the east end. In early
churches the Eastern apse was occupied by seats
for the bishop and clergy.
Apse
APSIDAL
In architecture, the term apsidal refers to
something pertaining to the apse of a church; for
example the apsidal termination of the chancel.
Apsidal
APTERAL
In architecture the term apteral means without
lateral columns. The term is applied to buildings
which have no series of columns along their sides,
but are either prostyle or amphiprostyle, and
opposed to peripteral.
Apteral
ARABESQUE
In architecture, arabesque describes a style of
ornamentation in which are represented men,
animals (mythical and actual), plants, with leaves,
flowers and fruit; mathematical figures &c. the
whole put together in a whimsical way, so that,
for instance, the animals not merely rest upon the
plants, but grow out of them like blossoms. There
are three types of arabesque. The oldest is that
of the Romans which does not include animals.
These occur in the mural paintings of Pompeii,
Herculaneum and other places. The second form is
that of the Arabs which is also without animals.
The third form is that of the Christians in which
animals were first introduced into the designs,
and these appear in illuminated mediaeval
manuscripts and other places.
Arabesque
ARBALESTENA
In architecture, arbalestena are cruciform
apertures in the walls of ancient fortifications
through which arrows were discharged by the
defenders against attacking armies.
Arbalestena
ARCADE
In architecture an arcade is a series of arches
with the columns or piers which support them, the
spandrels above, and other necessary appurtenances;
sometimes open, serving as an entrance or to give
light; sometimes closed at the back (as in the cut)
and forming a decorative feature. The term is also
applied to a long, arched building or gallery and
to an arched or covered passageway or avenue.
ARCBOUTANT
In architecture an arcboutant is a flying buttress.
Arcboutant
ARCH
In architecture an arch is a usually curved member
made up of separate wedge-shaped solids, with the
joints between them disposed in the direction of
the radii of the curve; they are used to support
the wall or other weight above an opening. In this
sense arches are segmental, round (i.e.
semicircular), or pointed. A flat arch is a member
constructed of stones cut into wedges or other
shapes so as to support each other without rising
in a curve. Scientifically considered, the arch is
a means of spanning an opening by resolving
vertical pressure into horizontal or diagonal
thrust.
Arch
ARCHITECTS REGISTRATION COUNCIL OF THE UK
The Architects Registration Council of the UK is a
council established under the Architects (Registration)
Act (1931) to maintain a register of persons
entitled to practise as architects; to recognize
the qualifying examinations for registration; to
provide scholarships and maintenance grants for
students of architecture; and to act as a
disciplinary body for the profession.
Architects Registration Council of the UK
ARCHITRAVE
In architecture, architrave is the lower division
of an entablature, or that part which rests
immediately on the column, especially in classical
architecture. Architrave also applies to the group
of mouldings, or other architectural member, above
and on both sides of a door or other opening, the
term being used especially if they are square in
form.
Architrave
ARCHIVOLT
In architecture an archivolt is the architectural
member surrounding the curved opening of an arch,
corresponding to the architrave in the case of a
square opening. The term is also used to describe
the moulding or other ornaments with which the
wall face of the voussoirs of an arch is charged.
Archivolt
ARMATURE
In architecture an armature is the iron bars or
framing employed for the consolidation of a
building, as in sustaining slender columns,
holding up canopies, etc.
Armature
ARRIS
In architecture an arris is the sharp edge or
salient angle formed by two surfaces meeting each
other, whether plane or curved. The term is
applied particularly to the edges in mouldings,
and to the raised edges which separate the
flutings in a Doric column.
Arris
ARRIS FILLET
In architecture, an arris fillet is a triangular
piece of wood used to raise the slates of a roof
against a chimney or wall, to throw off the rain.
Arris Fillet
ARRIS GUTTER
An arris gutter is a gutter of a V form fixed to
the eaves of a building.
Arris Gutter
ASHLAR
Ashlar is hewn or squared stone, as distinguished
from that which is rough, as when it came from the
quarry. The term also extends to masonry made of
squared or hewn stone.
Ashlar
ASTRAGAL
In architecture the term astragal refers to a
convex moulding of a rounded surface, generally
from half to three quarters of a circle.
Astragal
ASTYLAR
In architecture the term astylar means without
columns or pilasters.
Astylar
ATLANTES
In architecture, atlantes are figures or half
figures of men, used as columns to support an
entablature.
Atlantes
ATRIUM
An atrium is a square hall lighted from above,
into which rooms open at one or more levels.
Originally, the entrance hall to a Roman house,
the concept was adopted as an open court with a
porch or gallery around three or more sides at the
entrance of a basilica or other church. The name
was extended in the Middle Ages to the open
churchyard or cemetery.
Atrium
ATTACHED COLUMN
In architecture the term attached column refers to
a column engaged in a wall, so that only a part of
its circumference projects from it.
Attached Column
ATTIC
In architecture, an attic is a low story above the
main order or orders of a facade, in the classical
styles. The term was introduced in the 17th
century and describes a room or rooms behind that
part of the exterior and all the rooms immediately
below the roof.
Attic
ATTIC BASE
An attic base is a peculiar form of moulded base
for a column or pilaster, described by Vitruvius,
applied under the Roman Empire to the Ionic and
Corinthian and Roman Doric orders, and imitated by
the architects of the Renaissance.
Attic Base
AXIS OF THE IONIC CAPITAL
In architecture the axis of the Ionic capital is a
line passing perpendicularly through the middle of
the eye of the volute.
Axis of the Ionic Capital
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